A poaia (Psychotria ipecacuanha), Rubiaceae, é importante espécie medicinal, nativa da América, com a maior área de ocorrência no estado de Mato Grosso, principalmente no município de Cáceres. O objetivo neste trabalho foi verificar o efeito de substratos, da posição de estacas de raiz, e de tipos de estacas na propagação de P. ipecacuanha. No primeiro experimento foram usadas estacas de raiz com 2 cm de comprimento no delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, no esquema de parcela subdividida 2 x 2, sendo duas posições (vertical e horizontal) e dois substratos (areia e espuma fenólica), com 15 repetições com 15 estacas cada. No segundo experimento introduzimos estacas basais e apicais da raiz e da parte aérea nos substratos areia, comercial para hortaliças, solo do ambiente natural da espécie e espuma fenólica. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados no esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro repetições e cinco estacas por parcela. As variáveis analisadas foram diâmetro, comprimento, número de brotações e número de folhas por brotação. A produção de mudas de P. ipecacuanha pode ser feita com estacas de raiz de 2 cm de comprimento plantadas na posição horizontal ou estacas da parte aérea apical com duas gemas, plantadas na posição vertical e em substratos areia ou solo da área de ocorrência da espécie.

The ipecac (Psychotria ipecacuanha), Rubiaceae, is an important medicinal plant, native to America with the largest area of occurrence in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, mainly in the city of Caceres. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of substrates, position of root cuttings and types of cuttings on ipecac propagation. In the first experiment were used cuttings with 2 cm in length to root, in the experimental design of randomized blocks in split-plot 2 x 2 with two positions (vertical and horizontal) and two substrates (sand and phenolic foam) with 15 replications and 15 cuttings in each. In the second experiment we introduced basal and apical cuttings of the root and shoot in sand, commercial substrate for vegetables, soil of the natural environment and phenolic foam. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in factorial scheme 4 x 4 with four replications and five cuttings. The analyzed variables were diameter, length, number of shoots and number of leaves per shoot. Seedlings of ipecac can be obtained by root cuttings, 2 cm in length, placed horizontally or shoot cuttings with two buds placed vertically. The best substrates were sand and soil of the natural environment of the species.

O mulungu (Erythrina velutina) é uma árvore de crescimento rápido, com propriedades medicinais. O objetivo no presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito alelopático do extrato aquoso de sementes, flores e cascas de mulungu na germinação e desenvolvimento de plântulas de alface cv. Mônica SF FI. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com sete tratamentos [extrato de sementes a 100°C, extrato de sementes a 25°C, extrato de cascas a 100°C, extrato de cascas a 25°C, extrato de flores a 100°C, extrato de flores a 25°C e água destilada (testemunha)] com quatro repetições. Os extratos obtidos de sementes, independente da temperatura de extração reduziram a porcentagem e velocidade de germinação de sementes de alface e afetaram o desenvolvimento das plântulas. Os demais extratos não afetaram a germinação, mas causaram o aparecimento de plântulas anormais e mortas. Os extratos aquosos de sementes de mulungu têm potencial alelopático sobre as sementes de alface cv. Mônica SF FI.

The coral tree (Erythrina velutina) is a fast growing tree with medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of seeds, flowers and bark of coral tree on seed germination and seedling development of lettuce cv. Mônica SF FI. The experimental design was completely randomized with seven treatments [seed extract at 100°C, seed extract at 25°C, bark extract at 100°C, bark extract at 25°C, flower extract at 100°C, flower extract at 25°C and distilled water (control)] with four replications. The extracts of seeds, independent of the extraction temperature decreased the percentage and speed of germination of lettuce and affected the development of the seedlings. The other extracts did not affect germination, but caused the appearance of abnormal seedlings and dead. The aqueous extract of seeds of coral tree has allelopathic potential in the seeds of lettuce cv. Mônica SF FI.

Rural communities have accumulated knowledge about survival techniques in the midst of difficulties, such as ecological, economic or social, and one of the transformation spaces and extraction of resources to these communities is the natural vegetation and homegarden. The aim of this study was to list medicinal plants and characterize the use of these plants at the Sítio do Gois, Apodi-RN, Brazil. Open-interview, semi-structured and guided tours by local experts (field guide person, foresters, herb doctors, healers, farmers, housewives) were realized. Medicinal plants are distributed in 34 families, 46 genera and 52 species. The family with the greatest number of individuals was Lamiaceae (seven species). The species most mentioned were Amburana cearensis (77%) followed by 69% de citation of Myracrodruon urundeuva, Sideroxylon obtusifolium, Ximenia americana. Informants are aware of specific uses of native medicinal plants of the caatinga and homegardens. The most common preparations are teas and syrups, used part is the leaf and stem bark and great number of citations for disorders of the digestive and respiratory systems. The most important species with greater use agreement were A. cearensis M. urundeuva, S. obtusifolium and X. americana they deserve pharmacological studies and validation.